Kodi ndi chiyanisupercapacitor 

Ma Supercapacitor amagawidwa m'magulu awiri amagetsi ndi ma pseudocapacitor ochokera ku makina osungira mphamvu. Ndi mtundu watsopano wa chipangizo chosungira mphamvu, chomwe chili ndi mphamvu zambiri, nthawi yochepa yochaja, moyo wautali, kutentha kwabwino, kusunga mphamvu komanso kuteteza chilengedwe chobiriwira. Ma Supercapacitor ndi osinthika.

Kodi ma supercapacitors angakhale mabatire?

Ma Supercapacitor amatha kusintha mabatire, zomwe ndi njira inanso mtsogolo.

Ma Supercapacitors, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma capacitor awiri, ma electrochemical capacitors, ma capacitor agolide, ndi ma Farrah capacitors, amasunga mphamvu pogawa ma electrolytes. Ndi chinthu chamagetsi, koma mu njira yake yosungira mphamvu sipamachitika mankhwala, njira yosungira mphamvu iyi imatha kusinthidwa, komanso chifukwa chakuti supercapacitor iyi imatha kuyikidwa mobwerezabwereza ndikutulutsidwa nthawi mazana ambiri. Ma Supercapacitors amatha kuganiziridwa ngati mbale ziwiri za electrode zopanda ma porous zomwe zimapachikidwa mu electrolyte, zomwe zimayikidwa pa mbale, mbale yabwino imakopa ma ions oipa mu electrolyte, mbale yoyipa imakopa ma ions abwino, kwenikweni ndikupanga zigawo ziwiri zosungiramo ma capacitive, ma ions abwino amalekanitsidwa pafupi ndi mbale yoyipa, ndipo ma ions oipa ali pafupi ndi mbale yabwino.

Supercapacitor ndi mtundu watsopano wa capacitor wozikidwa pa chiphunzitso cha interfacial double layer chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zaku Germany Helmholtz. Monga tonse tikudziwira, pamwamba pa electrode yachitsulo yomwe yalowetsedwa mu electrolyte solution idzawonekera mbali zonse ziwiri za pamwamba pa madzi ndi zizindikiro zosiyana za charge yochulukirapo, kotero kuti kusiyana komwe kungachitike pakati pa magawo kudzapangidwa. Kenako, ngati ma electrode awiri alowetsedwa mu electrolyte nthawi imodzi, ndipo voltage yocheperako kuposa voltage yowola ya electrolyte solution ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pawo, ndiye kuti ma ion abwino ndi oipa mu electrolyte adzayenda mofulumira kupita ku mitengo pansi pa mphamvu ya magetsi, ndikupanga tight charge layer pamwamba pa ma electrode awiri apamwamba, kutanthauza, double electric layer.

Gawo lamagetsi lawiri lopangidwa ndi ilo limafanana ndi mphamvu ya polarized yopangidwa ndi dielectric mu capacitor yachikhalidwe pansi pa mphamvu ya magetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu ya capacitance. Gawo lamagetsi lawiri lolimba ndi lofanana ndi capacitor yathyathyathya, koma chifukwa chakuti mtunda wa gawo la mphamvu ya tight ndi wocheperako kuposa mtunda pakati pa zigawo za mphamvu ya capacitor wamba, uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu kuposa capacitor wamba.

Kukana kwamkati kwa capacitor yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri ndi kwakukulu kuposa kwa capacitor ya aluminiyamu, kotero imatha kuchajidwa mwachindunji popanda kukana katundu. Ngati pali kutchajidwa kwakukulu, capacitor yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri imatsegula dera popanda kuwononga chipangizocho, chomwe ndi chosiyana ndi kusweka kwa mphamvu ya aluminiyamu yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri. Nthawi yomweyo, poyerekeza ndi batire yomwe ingadzazidwenso, capacitor yamagetsi iwiri imatha kuchajidwa popanda malire, ndipo chiwerengero cha kuchajidwa chingafike nthawi zoposa 10^6, kotero capacitor yamagetsi iwiri sikuti imangokhala ndi makhalidwe a capacitor, komanso ili ndi makhalidwe a batri, ndipo ndi gawo latsopano lapadera pakati pa batri ndi capacitor.